Number Analogy – General Aptitude for GATE, PSU, ESE, AE/JE | Priyanka Ma’am

Number Analogy is an important topic in General Aptitude and is frequently asked in GATE, PSU, ESE, AE/JE exams. It tests your ability to identify relationships and patterns between numbers.

Basic Concepts

In Number Analogy, a pair of numbers is given, and you need to find a similar relationship for another pair.

Example: 2 : 4 :: 3 : 9

• 2 → 2² = 4
• 3 → 3² = 9

Types of Number Analogy

• Arithmetic Operations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division)
• Squares & Cubes
• Prime Numbers
• Pattern-Based

Important Concepts

1. Basic Operations

Check if relation is based on +, −, ×, ÷

2. Squares & Cubes

Numbers may follow square or cube patterns.

3. Differences

Check difference between numbers.

4. Special Patterns

Look for factorial, digit sum, or reverse patterns.

Solved Examples

Example 1

3 : 9 :: 4 : ?

3² = 9 → 4² = 16

Example 2

5 : 30 :: 6 : ?

5 × 6 = 30 → 6 × 7 = 42

Example 3

7 : 49 :: 8 : ?

7² = 49 → 8² = 64

Example 4

4 : 20 :: 6 : ?

4 × (4 + 1) = 20
6 × (6 + 1) = 42

Shortcut Tricks

• Check square/cube patterns first
• Try multiplication with next number
• Look for difference patterns
• Avoid complex logic, keep it simple

Questions

Q1. 2 : 8 :: 3 : ?

2³ = 8 → 3³ = 27

Q2. 10 : 100 :: 5 : ?

10² = 100 → 5² = 25

Exam Tips

• Identify pattern quickly
• Practice different types
• Focus on simple logic
• Improve calculation speed

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